Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Poultry Feed, Water, and Eggshell
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38211/jms.2023.01.46Keywords:
Antimicrobial sensitivity, Poultry, Feed, Water, EggshellAbstract
Poultry is the most important source of proteins forconsumption. Egg shell and drinking water contributes significantly to the spread of viral, bacterial, and protozoan infections in poultry. A total of 150 samples from poultry feed (feeders n=25, feed bags n=25), water (water tanks n=25, drinkers n=25), and eggshell (n=50) were collected from ten layer farms of district Tando Allahyar. Overall results showed that higher 52% bacterial infection was recorded from the poultry feed, 42% was recorded from water samples while the lowest prevalence recorded from the eggshell 32%. The isolated bacterial species were E. coli, Salmonellatyphi, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In poultry feed, a higher prevalence percentage of E. coli(16%) was recorded, followed by S. sonnei (14%), S.typhi(8%), S. aureus (8%),P. mirabilis (6%), and K. pneumonia (4%). In water, a higher prevalence of E. coli(12%) was recorded, followed by S. aureus (14%),S.typhi(11%), S. sonnei (11%), P. mirabilis (4%), and K. pneumonia (2%). In eggshells, a higher prevalence of E. coli(10%) was recorded followed by S. typhi(6%), S. sonnei (6%), S. aureus (6%), K. pneumonia (2%), and P. mirabilis (2%). E. coli species were susceptible to Tetracycline and Streptomycin. Salmonella typhi was susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. Shigella sonnei was susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline.Klebsiella pneumonia was susceptible to Streptomycin and Gentamicin.Proteus mirabilis was susceptible to Streptomycin and Gentamicin.Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Gentamicin and Erythromycin. In conclusion higher (52%) bacterial infection was recorded from the poultry feed,(42%) was recorded from water samples and the lowest prevalence was recorded from the eggshell (32%). It is concluded from the present study that bacterial contamination of E. coli, S. typhi, S. sonnei, K. pneumonia, P. mirabilis, S. aureus is common in poultry feed, water, and eggshell.
References
Lee M, Seo DJ, Jeon SB, Ok HE, Jung H, Choi C & Chun HS (2016). Detection of foodborne pathogens and mycotoxins in eggs and chicken feeds from farms to retail markets. Kor J for Food Sci of Anim Res, 36(4), 463.
Vinayananda, CO, Fairoze, N, Madhavaprasad, CB, Byregowda, SM, Nagaraj, CS, Bagalkot, P, & Karabasanavar, N (2017). Studies on occurrence, characterisation and decontamination of emerging pathogenic Escherichia coli (STEC, ETEC and EIEC) in table eggs. British poultry science, 58(6), 664-672.
Sherazi, S. TH, Shar, ZH, Sumbal, GA, Tan, ET, Bhanger, M I, Kara, H, & Nizamani, SM. (2015). Occurrence of ochratoxin A in poultry feeds and feed ingredients from Pakistan. Mycotoxin research, 31(1), 1-7.
Matthew, O, Chiamaka, R, & Chidinma, O (2017). Microbial analysis of poultry feeds produced in Songhai farms, Rivers State, Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation, 4(2), 00110.
Rodríguez-Navarro, AB, Domínguez-Gasca, N, Muñoz, A, & Ortega-Huertas, M (2013). Change in the chicken eggshell cuticle with hen age and egg freshness. Poultry Science, 92(11), 3026-3035.
Ghazi, AM, & Amer, MM (2015). A study on bacterial contamination of table eggs sold for consumption in Sana’a city. Veterinary Medical Journal-Giza,61(1), 1110-1423.
Maharjan, P, Huff, G, Zhang, W, & Watkins, S. (2017). Effects of chlorine and hydrogen peroxide sanitation in low bacterial content water on biofilm formation model of poultry brooding house waterlines. Poultry science, 96(7), 2145-2150.
Ashraf, A, Iqbal, I, & Iqbal, MN (2019). Waterborne Diseases in Poultry: Drinking Water as a Risk Factor to Poultry Health. PSM Microbiology, 4(3), 75-79.
Islam, MM, Islam, MN, Sharifuzzaman, FM, Rahman, MA, Sharifuzzaman, JU, Sarker, EH, ... & Sharifuzzaman, MM (2014). Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from poultry litter and feed. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 1(1), 1-7.
Parveen, A, Rahman, MM, Fakhruzzaman, M, Akter, MR, & Islam, MS (2017). Characterization of bacterial pathogens from egg shell, egg yolk, feed and air samples of poultry houses. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 3(2), 168-174.
Djoman, CS, Akpa, EE, Gouali & e, BG., Samagassi, L, & N’Guessan, DY, (2020). Prevalence and Antibiotic resistance profile of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains isolated from poultry feeds in Abidjan District, Cte dIvoire. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 14(10), 587-593.
Zaman, A, Amin, A, Shah, AH., Kalhoro, DH, Muhammad, K, Shakeebullah, MH, & Wazir, H (2012). Prevalence and vulnerabillity characterization of poultry pathogens isolated from water tanks and drinkers in commercial broiler farms. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(3), 690-694.
Mohammed, AN, Mohamed, DA, Mohamed, MB. E, & El Bably, MA. (2020). Assessment of drinking water quality and new disinfectants for water treatment in a small commercial poultry farm. Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research, 10(4), 206-212.
Michael, CA, Dominey-Howes, D, & Labbate, M (2014). The antimicrobial resistance crisis: causes, consequences, and management. Frontiers in public health, 2, 145.
Davies, R, & Wales, A, (2019) Antimicrobial resistance on farms: a review including biosecurity and the potential role of disinfectants in resistance selection. Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety, 18(3), 753-774.
Ifeanyichukwu, I, Chika, E, Ogonna, A, Chidinma, I, Monique, A, Ikechukwu, M, & Agabus, N (2016). Prevalence and antibiogram of Salmonella species isolated from poultry products in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 3(4), 353-359.
Islam, M, Sabrin, MS, Kabir, MHB, & Aftabuzzaman, M (2018). Antibiotic sensitivity and resistant pattern of bacteria isolated from table eggs of commercial layers considering food safety issue. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 4(4), 323-329.
Singh, R, Yadav, AS, Tripathi, V, & Singh, RP (2013). Antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella present in poultry and poultry environment in north India. Food Control, 33(2), 545-548.
Owoseni, M. C., Oyigye, O., Sani, B., Lamin, J., & Chere, A. (2021). Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes profiling of proteus species from poultry farms in Lafia, Nigeria. BioRxiv, 2021-01.
Haque, MH, Rahman, MM, Miah, ML, Ahmed, S, Sazib, MRI, Khaton, R, & Uddin, MN (2021) Exploring Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Eggs in Rajshahi. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 3(4), 25-30.
Hossain, M., Rahman, W., Ali, M., Sultana, T., & Hossain, K. (2021). Identification and antibiogram assay of Escherichia coli isolated from chicken eggs. Journal of Bio-Science, 11, 123-133
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Sohaib, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro, Hasina Baloch, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro, Waheed Ali Kalhoro, Ahmed Ali Moryani, Asad Ullah Marri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
